When it comes to carrying knives for self-defense, outdoor activities, or even as part of a collection, it’s essential to understand the legal landscape. In New Mexico, knife laws are relatively permissive compared to other states, but there are still some important rules and exceptions that knife owners need to be aware of. Whether you’re a resident or just passing through, this guide will walk you through everything you need to know about legally owning and carrying knives in the Land of Enchantment.
Is It Legal to Own a Knife in New Mexico?
Yes. In New Mexico, there are no specific restrictions on owning knives. Residents are allowed to possess a wide variety of blade types, including pocket knives, hunting knives, switchblades, butterfly knives (balisongs), and even bowie knives.
Unlike some states that ban the mere possession of certain blade styles (like dirks or daggers), New Mexico does not prohibit any particular type of knife by ownership alone. As long as you are not carrying the knife in a restricted area or using it for unlawful purposes, ownership is legal.
Knife Carry Laws: Open Carry vs. Concealed Carry
New Mexico distinguishes between open carry and concealed carry of knives. Understanding this distinction is crucial to avoid legal trouble.
Open Carry
New Mexico generally allows for open carry of knives without restriction. This means that you can carry most types of knives in a visible manner—such as on your belt or openly in a sheath—without violating the law. This applies to both folding knives and fixed-blade knives, including large blades like bowie knives or machetes.
Concealed Carry
Concealed carry is where things become more nuanced. According to New Mexico law (NMSA § 30-7-2), it is illegal to carry a deadly weapon concealed on your person, and this definition includes certain types of knives.
In particular, the law states that carrying a “deadly weapon” such as a dagger, switchblade, bowie knife, poniard, butcher knife, or “any other type of dangerous knife” in a concealed manner is unlawful without proper authorization or exception.
However, there are exceptions:
- Pocket knives with blades under 4 inches are generally considered legal for concealed carry.
- Knives carried as part of a person’s job or profession (e.g., chefs, hunters, or tradespeople) may be exempt.
- Law enforcement officers and military personnel are typically allowed to carry concealed knives when on duty.
If you’re unsure whether your knife qualifies as legal for concealed carry, it’s always safer to carry it openly or consult an attorney familiar with local weapons laws.
Are Switchblades and Automatic Knives Legal in New Mexico?
Yes. As of recent legal changes, switchblades and automatic knives are legal to own and carry in New Mexico. There is no state-wide ban on these types of knives. However, keep in mind that concealed carry of such knives could still fall under the prohibition of carrying deadly weapons unless you meet one of the legal exceptions.
Restricted Areas for Knife Carry
Even though New Mexico has lenient knife laws overall, there are certain restricted areas where carrying any type of weapon—including knives—is prohibited:
- Schools and universities: It is illegal to carry knives on public school property or in school buildings (including colleges and universities), with some limited exceptions for tools used in educational programs.
- Government buildings: Courthouses, police stations, and other secure government buildings typically ban all weapons, including knives.
- Private property: Property owners can set their own rules. If a business or venue posts signs prohibiting weapons, you must comply or risk being charged with trespassing.
Penalties for Violating Knife Laws
Violating New Mexico’s knife carry laws can result in misdemeanor or felony charges, depending on the circumstances. Common penalties may include:
- Fines
- Jail time
- Probation
- Loss of the weapon
- Permanent criminal record
A first-time offense might be treated more leniently, especially if it involved ignorance of the law rather than malicious intent. Still, it’s wise to be fully informed and avoid the risk.
Tips for Responsible Knife Ownership in New Mexico
- Know the Blade Length: Stay within the safe zone of under 4 inches for concealed carry.
- Carry Openly When in Doubt: If unsure about the legality of concealing a particular knife, carry it openly.
- Check Local Ordinances: Some cities may have more restrictive knife laws than the state. Always verify local rules.
- Be Mindful in Restricted Areas: Avoid carrying knives near schools, government buildings, and posted private property.
- Keep Documentation: If your job requires you to carry a knife, keep proof of employment or duties on hand.
Final Thoughts
New Mexico remains one of the more knife-friendly states in the U.S., with minimal restrictions on ownership and open carry. However, concealed carry laws and restrictions in certain areas can still trip up unaware citizens. By staying informed, respecting local ordinances, and carrying responsibly, you can safely enjoy your right to own and use knives in New Mexico without running afoul of the law.
Leave a Reply